India's Foreign Policy & Diplomacy

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

स्वर्ण सिंह (Swaran Singh)

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh, a professor of international relations at Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi, agreed that the influence of these tariffs will remain sector-specific. He said India's overall effective burden may not rise sharply, though labor-intensive sectors such as textiles, jewelry, and apparel remain vulnerable given their thin margins. Singh said the legitimacy of these additional USTR tariffs, in the name of forced-labor-produced exports, depends on the transparency of USTR's country-specific evidence. That currently remains unpublished in detail, making independent verification difficult for any recipient country, Singh added. "Critics argue that this new human-rights angle seeks to instrumentalize the ILO estimates of over 27.6 million in forced labor globally and that the US motive to leverage these remains pure greed rather than seriously pursuing verified enforcement gaps," he said. Singh said that US courts are likely to dispute any evidentiary basis, noting that USTR has provided no specific findings before imposing these tariffs.

Reporter Arunava Das

स्वर्ण सिंह (Swaran Singh)

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

For Pakistan’s intention to operation its new Hangor-class submarines in the Bay of Bengal – home to India’s Eastern and Nicobar naval commands – is “strategically significant less for its immediate military effect than for its audacious geopolitical symbolism”, according to Swaran Singh.But the capability question cannot be separated from its strategic context. Singh points to timing: PNS Hangor’s arrival coincides with the deepening of a China-Pakistan naval partnership that now encompasses joint drills and co-production agreements, as well as China’s expanding Indian Ocean presence.The prospect of Pakistani submarines operating in those same waters, potentially networked with Chinese platforms, raised what Singh described as the spectre of “coordinated strategic pressure on both India’s eastern and western seaboards.”Singh said the “greater challenge” for India was not a Pakistani submarine itself, but the “gradual emergence of a China-enabled undersea ecosystem around India’s periphery” that could chip away at the maritime advantages Delhi has taken for granted since 1971.“What changes is not the balance of power but the balance of uncertainty,” Singh said.

Swaran Singh

स्वर्ण सिंह

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

स्वर्ण सिंह (Swaran Singh)

quoted in Outlook magazine story: “China’s dominance is a structural reality. It remains the largest economy in BRICS, with the highest levels of exports, imports and financial capacity,” says Swaran Singh of the School of International Studies, Jwaharlal Nehru University. “Naturally, this gives Beijing a disproportionately strong influence, and that imbalance is unlikely to change in the near future given the scale of China’s economy,” adds Singh. “Unlike institutions like the IMF [International Monetary Fund], where major reforms are difficult without Washington’s approval, BRICS has demonstrated greater flexibility in introducing alternative financial mechanisms and reforms,” says Singh. “In many ways, BRICS represents an evolving alternative template in global economic governance,” he adds.

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

quoted in Outlook report on BRICS Foreign Ministers’ meeting. According to Professor Swaran Singh, School of International Studies,JNU, “The Iran crisis had inevitably overshadowed the summit, but the absence of a joint statement is not surprising given that countries directly linked to the conflict, including Iran, Saudi Arabia and the UAE, are themselves part of BRICS. In addition, emerging strategic partnerships such as the India-UAE-Israel equation further complicate consensus-building within the bloc.”

quoted in TRT World report on 1st anniversary of Op Sindoor. Singh described the current state as one of “institutionalised hostility” and warned that if the stalemate continues, long-term risks include “entrenched conflict normalisation, a Chinese-driven regional arms race, and progressive erosion of third-party leverages.”

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Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Prof. Swaran Singh of Jawaharlal Nehru University’s School of International Studies described India’s possible stake sale as “tactical pragmatism” rather than a long-term policy change. Speaking to Firstpost, Singh said that India’s engagement with Chabahar has always depended on temporary exemptions from US sanctions on Iran. With the waiver window now closed and chances of renewal appearing slim, India is left with limited choices. In such a situation, he argues, a stake sale is a calculated step to reduce risks rather than a signal of shifting strategic priorities. “Given the structural constraints and repeated exposure to US sanctions, including secondary sanctions, the move reflects risk minimisation, not a policy preference,” Singh said. More from India India explores stake sale in Chabahar as US waiver window closes India explores stake sale in Chabahar as US waiver window closes Gold overtakes US Treasuries: Why central banks are rewriting the rules of global finance Gold overtakes US Treasuries: Why central banks are rewriting the rules of global finance He pointed out that continued involvement in the project could expose Indian companies to legal, financial and reputational risks, especially in the absence of clear protection from sanctions. The Chabahar port has long been seen as a key strategic asset for India, offering direct access to Afghanistan and Central Asia while bypassing Pakistan. India has invested around $620 million in the project as of now. It is also linked to the International North-South Transport Corridor, which aims to connect India with Europe and Russia. However, experts note that geopolitical realities often force governments to balance long-term goals with immediate constraints. Singh’s assessment suggests that India’s current approach is shaped more by necessity than choice. As tensions in US-Iran relations persist, and with Washington maintaining strict sanctions on Tehran, New Delhi must carefully navigate its economic and diplomatic interests. The possibility of transferring India’s stake to a local Iranian entity, with a clause to reclaim it later, reflects this cautious strategy. It allows India to step back temporarily without completely abandoning the project, keeping the door open for future re-engagement if conditions improve.

Firstpost report (based on my inputs) by Kshitiz Bhardwaj on India’s exit from Iran’s Chabahar port projects

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quoted: Swaran Singh, a professor of international relations at Jawaharlal Nehru University in Delhi, points to the importance of Trump’s personal relationship with Pakistan’s powerful military chief, Asim Munir. Pakistan has been under direct military rule for 33 of the almost 80 years since independence, and even its civilian administrations have typically been heavily influenced by its generals. Munir and Trump have grown increasingly close since the start of the US president’s second term, with the general making more visits to Washington than has Pakistan’s actual prime minister. They seem to have got on well, with Trump praising Munir as a “great fighter” and his “favourite field marshal”. Among leaders in Bahrain, Qatar, Oman, Egypt, Turkey, India, and Pakistan, Trump “appears most comfortable with the field marshal “and, therefore, decided to connect through him”, Singh says. Munir also enjoys close ties with the Iranian military. See

quoted in Independent (London): Swaran Singh, a professor of international relations at Jawaharlal Nehru University in Delhi, points to the importance of Trump’s personal relationship with Pakistan’s powerful military chief, Asim Munir. Pakistan has been under direct military rule for 33 of the almost 80 years since independence, and even its civilian administrations have typically been heavily influenced by its generals. Munir and Trump have grown increasingly close since the start of the US president’s second term, with the general making more visits to Washington than has Pakistan’s actual prime minister. They seem to have got on well, with Trump praising Munir as a “great fighter” and his “favourite field marshal”. Among leaders in Bahrain, Qatar, Oman, Egypt, Turkey, India, and Pakistan, Trump “appears most comfortable with the field marshal “and, therefore, decided to connect through him”, Singh says. Munir also enjoys close ties with the Iranian military.

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Swaran Singh

Swaran Sngh

28 Feb 2026: TOI report on Iran strikes with my impute- Prof. Swaran Singh, who teaches Arms Control & Disarmament, Conflict Resolution & Peace Studies at the School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, argues that the picture is considerably more complicated than the strikes alone suggest. "The so-called pre-emptive strikes have not delivered expected outcomes for regime change," he told TOI. "This means strikes and counter-strikes will continue with impact on the global energy market and disrupted airlines that will impinge on the entire world." He added that the Russia-China dimension gives this confrontation a dimension previous Middle East crises lacked. "Both have displayed closeness with Iran through recent trilateral naval exercises and defence contracts. This confrontation is complicated and will impact Trump's mid-term elections and his early April visit to Beijing." A 'Clash of Civilizations' or not? One question already circulating in diplomatic and academic circles is whether Muslim-majority nations will frame the strikes as a civilizational assault -- a renewal of Samuel Huntington's much-debated "clash of civilizations" thesis. Prof. Singh is cautious. "That sentiment may be strengthened," he said, "but Islamic nations are not likely to promote such a divide given their dependence on the US."

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Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

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quoted by Bloomberg report on India’s reset with PM Tarique Rehman. “India has very clear stakes in Bangladesh,” said Swaran Singh, professor at the School of International Studies at Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi. “India also incidentally has very favorable trade with Bangladesh and in that sense India would first like to focus on the economic partnership.”

quoted on India’s reset with PM Tarique Rehman. “India has very clear stakes in Bangladesh,” said Swaran Singh, professor at the School of International Studies at Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi. “India also incidentally has very favorable trade with Bangladesh and in that sense India would first like to focus on the economic partnership.”

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report by Mahender Yadav based on my imputes

The Times of India report by Mahender Yadav on aforementioned report with my detailed inputs for this story that extensively quotes me.

Swaran Singh, a professor of international relations at JNU, said India's high growth rate is driven by a combination of structural, demographic, policy, and external factors. "India has a young and expanding workforce, with a median age of around 28 years — providing a sustained supply of labor and constantly rising domestic consumption levels," he said. "This demographic dividend supports long-term growth if matched with skills and jobs." Also, an expanding middle class spearheading domestic demand is a major locomotive of higher growth, he said. The professor added that structural reforms over the past decade have improved economic efficiency, and that services-led growth remains a comparative advantage.

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Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

quoted in Outlook Business on US action in Venezuela saying “US actions reflect an effort to shape the global energy market — not only by reviving stalled oil resources in countries such as Venezuela, but also by positioning the US as a viable exporter with greater influence over the availability and type of oil,” Dr. Swaran Singh, professor at School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University said. Singh also notes that Venezuela’s importance is further underscored by China’s long-standing involvement in its oil sector, making control over future production relevant not just to Russian sanctions but also to broader strategic competition involving Washington.

quoted on US action in Venezuela saying “US actions reflect an effort to shape the global energy market — not only by reviving stalled oil resources in countries such as Venezuela, but also by positioning the US as a viable exporter with greater influence over the availability and type of oil,” Dr. Swaran Singh, professor at School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University said. Singh also notes that Venezuela’s importance is further underscored by China’s long-standing involvement in its oil sector, making control over future production relevant not just to Russian sanctions but also to broader strategic competition involving Washingt

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh, a professor of diplomacy and disarmament at Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi, said India has taken bold measures by delinking fuel and technology suppliers from accident-related liabilities and limiting operator liability, while allowing participation of private sector to accelerate nuclear power generation.

Quoted saying: “[This] can help [Russia] sustain their defence manufacturing and also their economy,” said Swaran Singh, a professor of diplomacy and disarmament at Jawaharlal Nehru University’s School of International Studies in India. Moscow’s need to “cultivate” relations with India stemmed from its international isolation since the invasion of Ukraine in 2022, he added.

quoted on Putin’s India visit in South China Morning Post: “[This] can help [Russia] sustain their defence manufacturing and also their economy,” said Swaran Singh, a prof of diplomacy and disarmament at Jawaharlal Nehru University’s School of International Studies, India. “This has pushed both India and Russia to explore alternative avenues for sustaining a balanced economic partnership,” Singh said. He added that India’s focus on the indigenisation and diversification of its defence procurements had also prompted Russia to be “more generous”, including by agreeing to Delhi’s terms on joint innovation, research and development and production of advanced defence platforms and technologies.

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quoted on India-Pak militaries joint anti-terror exercises. “The SCO anti-terror exercise allows Indian and Pakistani militaries unique mutual familiarisation,” Swaran Singh, geopolitical commentator and a professor of international relations at New Delhi-based Jawaharlal Nehru University, told TRT World. Given that terrorism remains the bone of contention in India–Pakistan tensions, this exercise carries significance, he opined. “Last decade has seen India pursuing a Pakistan policy based on ‘terror and talks can not go tougher’ axis. With this backdrop, Indian and Pakistani forces coming together on issue of terrorism carries great significance,” he shared. See less

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh, Professor of International Relations at Jawaharlal Nehru University, echoes this view: “The K-visa at best can be described as one of the many tools that Beijing has introduced undergirding its rise as a great power of the 21st century,” he tells TRT World.

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Reporter Dipti Mishra

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on Trump’s tariffs quoted “After showing a lot of restraint, India had issued a rebuttal citing examples of the US and European trade with Russia, showcasing how Trump's tirades against India are unreasonable and unjustified, Swaran Singh, a professor of international relations at Jawaharlal Nehru University, told China Daily.”

Based on my interview (स्वर्ण सिंह से धीरेंद्र प्रताप सिंह की बातचित)

quoted in China Daily (Beijing): For Swaran Singh, a professor of international relations at Jawaharlal Nehru University, Trump's tariffs have "rattled the entire global trading system". Singh noted that most trading nations are exploring alternatives to at least reduce their dependence on the US. "It is, however, important to remember that mercurial Trump could change things anytime and that his deadline of August 1 does not apply to continuing India-US trade negotiations," Singh told China Daily.

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Swaran Singh et.al. (co-edited)

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quoted in Associated Press report: “The mood on the border for four years has been one of preparing for war, therefore turning them into peacetime deployments is going to be an operational, mental, psychological and structural activity, which is, again, going to take a certain amount of time,” said Swaran Singh, professor at the School of International Studies at New Delhi’s Jawaharlal Nehru University.

स्वर्ण सिंह ने कहा, “भारत ने शेख हसीना को शारीरिक सुरक्षा सुनिश्चित करने के लिए देश में रहने की अनुमति दी है. यह भारत के मानवीय दायित्वों और संधि प्रा...

रिपोर्टर करण आनंद के साथ साक्षात्कार

quoted on Independent (UK daily) report on Marco Rubio as Trump’s Secy of State choice: Trump is making “no secret of his intention” to take a hard line on China, says Swaran Singh, diplomacy and disarmament expert at Jawaharlal Nehru University in Delhi. This is evident from his threat to impose 60 per cent tariffs on Chinese imports and his decision to pick China hawks for his cabinet, Singh adds. “Rubio’s appointment to one of the most important positions is significant,” he tells The Independent. “There is palpable anxiety in China because they will not only have to deal with an unpredictable Trump but a myopically China-focused administration.” All of Trump’s picks thus far are either focused on security and military in their thinking or are China hawks or critics to varying degrees, he argues. “The focus of Trump 2.0 would be on MAGA, to Make America Great Again, and in that the clear challenge is China,” Singh says.

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Swaran Singh

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quotes in China Daily: saying Trump's return to the White House will see the US become reluctant to commit forces in faraway conflicts while seeking greater reciprocity in a transactional foreign policy marked by "deal-making". While South and Southeast Asian countries will continue to engage with Trump, Singh suggested they may also be "bracing for his blunt one-liners" over the next four years. Just like what has already begun among the US' European allies, these South and Southeast Asian nations might try to further strengthen their intra-regional collectives to minimize dependence on US alliance partnerships, he said.

Swaran Singh

quoted in China Daily saying “Nothing can be more credible than two national leaders jointly announcing their commitment to resolve border tensions. This will not only initiate the process of disengagement and de-escalation on their Line of Actual Control (LAC), but also contribute to enhancing their bilateral cooperation, with regional and global implications,” said Swaran Singh, a professor of international relations at the Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi.

Swaran Singh

पूनम पांडे, अनुभव शाक्य (रिपोर्टर) मेरे शक्षतकार पर आधारित रिपोर्ट

स्वर्ण सिंह (Swaran Singh)

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

quoted in China Daily: Swaran Singh, a professor of diplomacy and disarmament at Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi, said India is aiming to host the Youth Olympics as well as the 2036 Games to promote sports among Indian youth, and provide them with home support to compete at the international level. India has a young population, with a median age of 28, he said. "This large aspirational and restive youth can become more disciplined and productive by India supporting sports culture and events of this scale and prestige," Singh said. The country's standing in international sports has grown in recent years, along with forecasts it will move from the world's fifth largest economy to the third biggest within five years. Hosting the Olympics, therefore, would give India opportunities to connect with the world in multiple ways, and boost efforts toward the country becoming a developed nation by 2047. "Of course, it (bidding for the Olympics) is also reflective of India's ambitions to showcase its power and capabilities for hosting such mega events," Singh said, pointing to the success of hosting the 2010 Commonwealth Games and a series of G20 meetings last year

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

quoted saying: “The visit was significant in Prime Minister Modi building a personal bond with newly elected Prime Minister [Lawrence] Wong and re-energising his bonhomie with other Singapore leaders. The focus of his interactions was clearly on further strengthening their relations and making these future oriented,” said Swaran Singh, an international-relations professor at Jawaharlal Nehru University in Delhi. Singh from Jawaharlal Nehru University said Modi’s latest visit marks a shift in how Southeast Asia is seen as “increasingly more enthusiastic” to engage with New Delhi. “From India as well, it marks one more milestone in India’s expanding and deepening of its partnership with many more countries.”

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quoted in South China Morning Post: Swaran Singh, a professor of diplomacy and disarmament at Delhi’s Jawaharlal Nehru University, said Modi’s visit to Ukraine had showcased India’s “strategic autonomy” and “proactive neutrality” in the ongoing crisis. He said the visit had also brought “relief to over 2,500 Indians in Ukraine” who had faced the “anger of Ukrainians” due to India’s proximity to Russia and its refusal to condemn Moscow’s “special military operations” over the past two-and-a-half years. Contrary to some misconceptions, Singh clarified that Modi’s visit was not primarily aimed at assuaging Western powers’ dissatisfaction with India’s earlier trip to Moscow. Instead, he said that India’s shift from non-alignment to multi-alignment over the past two decades had resulted in a reduction of its military procurements from Russia, from 65 per cent to 46 per cent, as it sought to diversify its partnerships. “So while India’s defence and energy procurements from Russia will continue to be substantive, [its] expanding partnerships will see Modi’s Ukraine visit becoming an inflection point in India evolving an important economic and defence partnership with Kyiv as well,” Singh said.

स्वर्ण सिंह

quoted on Bangladesh in French media: Pour Swaran Singh, professeur en relations internationales à l’Université de Nerhu en Inde, Muhammad Yunus représente une solution solide pour répondre à la crise que traverse le Bangladesh grâce à sa « compréhension des enjeux économiques et financiers ». Mais ses pouvoirs devraient être limités : « Son manque d’expérience politique l’empêchera d’être le centre du pouvoir. Et pour maintenir la loi et l’ordre, il sera dépendant du chef de l’armée. » De quoi donner lieu à une tripartition du pouvoir avec le président et l’armée, prédit le spécialiste. Bien que cette dernière ait été au cœur de la colère ces dernières semaines.

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Swaran Singh (in podcast)

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स्वर्ण सिंह (Swaran Singh)

Dr. Swaran Singh, Professor of International Relations with New Delhi-based Jawaharlal Nehru University feels that India should participate in the conference “Given ‘multi-alignment’ now being the defining feature of India’s foreign policy.” However, he cautions that this participation “should remain restricted to lower level officials or even non-official level as this summit does not meet the basic criterion of ensuring all stakeholders being present at these deliberations.” Pointing out that Russia has not been invited to the conference, he reasons that “. the most optimal outcome of this will be nothing but one more ultimatum to Moscow to comply with their fancies. China, Brazil,Pakistan have announced their non-participation. Indeed, as a major player with stakes in an early end of Ukraine crisis,”

Swaran Singh

Report by Xu WeiWei says: While China is projected to become the world’s largest economy in the future, India is all set to become the world’s third largest economy, said Swaran Singh, a professor for diplomacy and disarmament at Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) in New Delhi. ALSO READ: China, India urged to bolster win-win ties, diversify trade “So, expansion of their economic engagement is natural given the size of their population, rapidly growing economies and consumerism of youth and middle class on both sides,” he said. According to Singh, the reason for China-India two-way trade surpassing India’s trade with the United States lies in the nature of India’s over $100 billion in imports from China. India’s imports from China are largely low-tech consumer products coming in large volumes, compared to India’s expectations of high-end imports form the US, he said. “Small-town, small-time traders of India have ensured this by importing cheap commodities across various sectors,” said Singh.

स्वर्ण सिंह (Swaran Singh)

Report by Maria Siao: quoted in South China Morning Post (Hongkong) Swaran Singh, an international studies professor at New Delhi’s Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), said the growing opposition within the Maldives to the government’s anti-India stance “may become increasingly costly for the Maldives’ internal stability, which India would not like to see”.Singh said this is not the first time that the Maldives has elected a “China sympathiser” as president “Democracies always throw up different leaders, so nothing can be predicted about how long Muizzu or the China-tilt of his presidency will survive. But that remains the prerogative of the people of the Maldives and India’s interests remain limited to ensuring peace and prosperity in its immediate periphery,” Singh added.

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Report by Shweta Sharma: quoted saying “The two pariah states, facing robust Western economic and technical sanctions, are drawing closer due to the war in Ukraine and Russia’s urgent need for ammunition after nearly two years of continuous war,” Swaran Singh, a professor of international relations at the Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi, India tells The Independent. “This alliance marks a role reversal,” Singh says, adding that it was the Soviet Union that supported the formation of North Korea and under Kim’s grandfather Kim Il-sung’s leadership it was funded, supplied and supported with defence equipment by the Soviets. “Western nations should view this growing collaboration with apprehension, as it strengthens both North Korea and Russia in their prolonged confrontation with the West."

Report by Maria Siao: quoted in South China Morning Post saying India – and also the United States – had often expressed displeasure to Sri Lanka on the increasing presence of Chinese combat and research vessels in the Indian Ocean, that occasionally anchor on Sri Lankan ports. This one-year moratorium could be seen “as a noticeable victory for India”, Singh said, but noted that the short duration meant China’s growing maritime presence in the Indian Ocean would “continue to be a matter of concern” for Delhi. Singh, who is also a member of the governing board at the Delhi-based Society of Indian Ocean Studies, said that given Sri Lanka’s coming presidential election in April, “Colombo did not wish to trigger any tensions with its immediate neighbour”.

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Interviewer Stanley Johny

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Swaran Singh, a visiting professor at the University of British Columbia, said India’s approach thus far had been to engage the junta but with the aim of reviving democracy in Myanmar.India is in “close communication” with the National League for Democracy – the political party founded by democracy icon Aung San Suu Kyi and toppled by the junta. “India is likely to continue with this balanced approach of engaging all parties while hoping for an early end to the crisis followed by revival of democracy,” Singh added.

Swaran Singh, professor at JNU in New Delhi, said the fact that Muizzu has moved from his "India out "campaign to development through diplomatic ties with all is a good sign. "This is also usual that the shrill and noise of electioneering that makes candidates less emotive and polemical campaigns are invariably followed by sober and saner visions once they come to power. So this positive change in President Muizzu's outline is on expected lines. Understandably India endorses such a multi-alignment policy."

22 Oct 2023: quotd in China Daily “Other than this being a matter of India's ambitions and capabilities for hosting summer Olympics of 2036 this should also be viewed from perspective of making this even representative of the world we live in," said Swaran Singh, professor for diplomacy and disarmament at Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi. He added, "besides India is not just now world's largest population country with rapidly growing visibility in international sports it is also recognised as an emerging hi-tech power and projected to become worlds third largest economy by 2030."

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Swaran Singh

reporter Ms. V. Nivedita

बीबीसी संवाददाता अनंत प्रकाश के साथ साक्षात्कार में अंतरराष्ट्रीय संबंधों के जानकार एवं जेएनयू प्रोफेसर डॉ स्वर्ण सिंह इसे मध्य पूर्व के लिए भी सकारात्मक मानते हैं. वे कहते हैं कि "मध्य पूर्व के देशों में रेल नेटवर्क खड़े होने से इन देशों में हालात बेहतर होंगे. एक तरफ़ स्थानीय लोगों के लिए रोज़गार के नए अवसर पैदा होंगे. वहीं, दूसरी ओर इससे मध्य पूर्व के देश एक दूसरे के क़रीब आएंगे. क्योंकि रेल नेटवर्क देशों को व्यापारिक रूप से क़रीब लाते हैं." "दो देशों के बीच अगर हवाई मार्ग से आवागमन होता है तो कुछ होने पर उन्हें एकाएक रोका जा सकता है. रेल मार्ग के साथ ऐसा करना इतना आसान नहीं है. क्योंकि इससे आर्थिक नुकसान होता है. ऐसे में देश एक दूसरे के प्रति संवेदनशील होते हैं." इस डील की घोषणा होने के बाद भारत के व्यापार में बड़ा उछाल आने की संभावना जताई जा रही है. डॉ स्वर्ण सिंह कहते हैं, “ये आशंकाएं ठीक हैं कि बीआरआई की तुलना में ये परियोजना अभी कहीं नहीं है. लेकिन मुझे लगता है कि दीर्घकालिक ढंग से देखा जाए तो ये परियोजना दुनिया के लिए सकारात्मक साबित होगी. क्योंकि इसका मकसद किसी एक सरकार या पार्टी के प्रभाव को दुनिया भर में फैलाना नहीं है. जैसा कि बीआरआई के साथ देखा गया है." "इसका प्रभाव नियम आधारित वैश्विक व्यवस्था के अनुरूप चलते हुए एक ढांचा खड़ा करना है जिस पर भविष्य का व्यापार खड़ा होगा. क्योंकि जहां भी हमने बीआरआई के प्रोजेक्ट देखे हैं, उन देशों में कुछ वक़्त बाद चीन को लेकर नकारात्मक रुख विकसित होते देखा गया है. क्योंकि उनका मकसद उन देशों का विकास नहीं था.”

Interview to Onkar Poojari: Swaran Singh, a professor of diplomacy and disarmament at the Delhi-based Jawaharlal Nehru University whose areas of expertise include India and China’s security issues, argues that reducing India’s motives to China competition “would be too simplistic and myopic,” adding that the G20 summit, if nothing else, is India’s “opportunity to showcase its diverse culture, its developmental projects, and its potential to thousands of visitors,” which will inevitably lead to more trade and foreign investment. “Irrespective of the outcomes of their 2023 summit, the fact that concerns of Global South have become center stage in all deliberations of over 200 meetings involving stakeholders representing multiple sectors ... surely carries an India imprint,” says Dr. Singh.

BBC हिंदी न्यूज़ के संवाददाता वात्सल्य राय के साथ मेरा साक्षात्कार

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Correspondent Shweta Sharma quoted me: Swaran Singh, professor, Jawaharlal Nehru University, says Xi’s presence was important for both bilateral relations and for the platform as China is the world’s second largest economy. “It definitely has an impact now. How much that impact is, that remains to be seen because another way of looking at such multilateral meetings is that nations take positions, nations decide who will be representing them. China is participating,” he says. “But I also understand that President Xi’s presence would have made a difference not just for the G20 level, but also because so much happens on the sidelines in all these multilateral meetings.”

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Reporter Xu WeiWei quote me : Singh, professor for diplomacy and disarmament at Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi, said the launch of Aditya-L1 and Chandrayaan-3's landing on the moon's south pole are not just milestone achievements in India's space exploration, but also hold deeper significance. "It especially demonstrates the genius of India's scientists who have ... come to be known for their cost-effective missions that must inspire nations of the Global South that can aspire to ... engage with frontiers of science and also hope to build partnerships with India."

Reporter Jan Yumul quoted me: Given the overwhelming interest shown by many countries in joining BRICS, the success in building consensus in inviting as many as six new members is a reflection of both the bloc's self-confidence in opening itself to new members just as it underlines its growing credibility, said Swaran Singh, professor of diplomacy and disarmament at Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi, India. What is even more interesting is how all five national leaders indicated this to be only a beginning and that many more aspirant nations are likely to be added to the bloc in coming years, Singh said. This has implications for most of the conventional post-World War II global governance structures that have failed to accommodate these emerging economies, he said.

quoted by Arunave Das and Xi WeiWei

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Reporter Aparajit Charaborty quote me on China’s concerns about India’s import restrictions on import of laptops: “Wang’s comments are welcome and in tune with India’s own efforts”, said Swaran Singh, a professor of international relations at the Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi. While each nation has its priorities, strengths, and challenges, BRICS members can surely explore new areas for their expanded cooperation given the shared spirit of expanding mutual trade and commerce, Singh added.

report by Maria Siow on India’s engagement of Myanmar military junta: Swaran Singh, professor at the School of International Studies in Delhi’s Jawaharlal Nehru University, said that India’s “cautious cultivation” of the junta over the past decades had led to the “gradual democratisation of Myanmar”, a process which was now “briefly reversed”. “However, India remains hopeful that such a cautious cultivation of military junta can restart that democratisation process, which remains India’s major objective,” Singh said.

BBC के अंशुल सिंह की रिपोर्ट: भारत-चीन राष्ट्र सुरक्षा सलाहकारों की बैठक पर रिपोर्ट में मेरे विचार: डॉ. स्वर्ण सिंह कहते हैं, ''देशों के बीच जितना मतभेद होता है, उतनी ही परिभाषाएं निकलती हैं कि बैठक में क्या हुआ. इसके पीछे एक मंशा भी होती है कि बैठक की किस बात को ज़्यादा तवज्जो देना है और किसे तवज्जो नहीं देना है. चूंकि भारत-चीन के बीच मतभेद काफ़ी गहरे हैं, इसलिए ये कोई चौंकाने वाली बात नहीं है कि बैठक को लेकर दोनों के मत अलग-अलग हैं.'' पूरी रिपोर्ट के लिए यहाँ पढ़ें

BBC हिंदी के शुभम किशोर : जेएनयू में प्रोफ़ेसर स्वर्ण सिंह कहते हैं, "चीन और वियतनाम के बीच अपनी भूमि और समुद्री सीमा, दोनों को लेकर विवाद रह चुका है. समुद्री सीमा अभी भी विवादित है." उनका कहना है कि वियतनाम को भारत के साथ रक्षा सहयोग से लगातार फ़ायदा होता रहा है. वो कहते हैं, "यह भारत की एक्ट ईस्ट नीति के साथ-साथ क्वाड प्लस देशों के साथ संबंध बेहतर करने की भारत की कोशिश का भी हिस्सा है जिसमें न्यूजीलैंड, दक्षिण कोरिया और वियतनाम शामिल हैं." " भारत और वियतनाम दोनों के अपने पड़ोसी देश चीन के साथ जटिल समीकरण हैं और सैन्य साझेदारी को चीन दक्षिण चीन सागर में अपनी संप्रभुता के दावों के ख़िलाफ उठाया कदम मानता है." विदेश मामलों के जानकार रॉबिन्दर सचदेवा का भी मानना है, "युद्धपोत देना दोनों देशों के बीच रिश्तों में एक बड़ा कदम है क्योंकि चीन से दोनों देशों के रिश्ते बहुत अच्छे नहीं है. दक्षिण चीन सागर में दोनों देशों का हित जुड़ा है, इसलिए इसे चीन से जोड़कर देखना गलत नहीं होगा." हालांकि भारत ने कई बार यह स्पष्ट किया है कि भारत-वियतनाम रक्षा सहयोग भारत की एक्ट ईस्ट नीति का हिस्सा है और इसका भारत की चीन नीति से कोई लेना-देना नहीं है. स्वर्ण सिंह के मुताबिक दोनों देशों के स्वतंत्रता सेनानियों के बीच मजबूत तालमेल रहा है जो कि गांधीजी, नेहरू और हो ची मिन्ह के बीच पत्रों के आदान-प्रदान में देखा गया है.

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Swarn Singh (my interview by Zhao Manfeng)

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BBC हिंदी के ज़ुबैर अहमद से साक्षात्कार पर आधारित रिपोर्ट में : जवाहरलाल नेहरू यूनिवर्सिटी के स्कूल ऑफ इंटरनेशनल स्टडीज़ में प्रोफ़ेसर स्वर्ण सिंह कहते हैं कि पीएम मोदी की यात्रा से आपसी व्यापार और रक्षा क्षेत्र में संयुक्त उत्पादन को और बढ़ावा मिलेगा. चीन भारत का सबसे बड़ा व्यापारिक भागीदार रहा है. लेकिन प्रो. स्वर्ण सिंह के मुताबिक़, "चीन के साथ तनाव को देखते हुए, भारत-अमेरिका का आपसी व्यापार 2022 तक 190 अरब डॉलर से ऊपर पहुँच गया है जो मौजूदा चीन-भारत व्यापार का लगभग दोगुना है."

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By P.K. Balachandran Editor

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BBC हिंदी के संवाददाता कीर्ति दुबे से बातचीत पर उनकी रिपोर्ट में : जवाहरलाल नेहरू विश्वविद्यालय में प्रोफ़ेसर स्वर्ण सिंह मानते हैं कि भले ही क्वॉड ग़ैर-पारंपरिक सुरक्षा वाला समूह है लेकिन हाल फ़िलहाल में क्वॉड के सदस्य देशों की गतिविधि ने चीन को कुछ हद तक चितिंत जो ज़रूर किया है. ऐसे में इसकी बैठक का रद्द होना चीन के लिए अच्छी ख़बर है. स्वर्ण सिंह कहते हैं, "क्वॉड ग़ैर-पारंपरिक सुरक्षा समूह है, लेकिन ऐसा होने के पीछे सबसे बड़ी वजह भारत ही है, क्योंकि भारत नहीं चाहता था कि ये एक सिक्यॉरिटी फ़ोरम बन जाए. भारत की विदेश नीति ऐसी है कि वह बातचीत से मामले को सुलझाने में यक़ीन करता है. लेकिन बीते सप्ताह ही क्वॉड देशों के राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा सलाहकारों की बैठक हुई है. उससे पहले मालाबार में क्वॉड देशों और सिंगापुर के बीच एक नौसैनिक अभ्यास से इस बात के संकेत भी मिल रहे हैं कि भारत क्वॉड का अंदाज़ बदलने की दिशा की ओर बढ़ रहा है. ऐसे में अगर क्वॉड की बैठक रद्द होती है तो ये चीन के लिए ये फ़ायदेमंद ही साबित होता है." स्वर्ण सिंह कहते हैं कि अमेरिका के लिए बाइडन का ये दौरा रद्द होना उसके खिलाफ़ ही जाएगा. दुनिया भर में इतना दखल रखने वाले अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति को अगर आंतरिक कारणों से अपना दौरा रद्द करना पड़े तो बाक़ी देशों पर इसका ठीक संदेश नहीं जाता क्योंकि चीन में ऐसा देखने को नहीं मिलता. वह कहते हैं, "जब अमेरिका में इस तरह की हलचल होती है और तो इससे दुनिया भर में ये संदेश तो जाता है कि अमेरिका जो दुनियाभर में अपना इतना दखल रखता है, उसके घर में हालात ऐसे हैं कि उन्हें अपना दौरा रद्द कर करना पड़ा रहा है." "अमेरिका की क्रेडिट क्षमता आसानी से बढ़ाई जा सकती है, वो ऐसा देश है कि उसे क़र्ज़ देने के लिए कई लोग तैयार हो जाएंगे लेकिन फिर भी इस साल वहां चुनाव को देखते हुए रिपब्लिकन बाइडन के लिए मुश्किलें पैदा कर रहे हैं."

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Reporter Maria Siow report based on discussion with me

Correspondent Tom O’Conor quoted me: 11 April 2023: quoted in this week’s Newsweek magazine: Swaran Singh, a visiting professor at the University of British Columbia with decades of experience lecturing at India's major diplomatic and military institutions, also argued that managing this relationship was essential for achieving the long-term objectives of both powers. "De-escalation is the only way as both China and India cannot afford to derail their development trajectories and miss their imagined historic resurgence to the center stage of world affairs," Singh told Newsweek. "But as two rapidly growing economies and peer civilizational states reclaiming their place under the sun, their competition remains inevitable." And yet, with border tensions still simmering, Singh asserted that "both sides agree on the need to begin a new chapter of confidence building to suit their new avatar as rapidly developing major powers.” At the same time, he said "both also continue with heavy forward deployments while also working on military disengagement which has been, even in face of regular core commander level and inter-ministerial meetings, patchy and uneven.”

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Reporter Li Wenhan quote me saying : Xi's GCI must be read along with his vision of building a community with a shared future, his speech at the 2019 Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations, and more recently his GSI, GDI and his vision of Chinese modernization that talks of connecting humans to nature, better regulation and distribution of wealth and seeking prosperity for all, Swaran Singh, professor of international relations at Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi, India and currently visiting professor at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada, explained to Beijing Review.

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Quote in their report on G20 FMM failure, “It is important for G20 to stay focused on its original mandate of ensuring macroeconomic stability and focusing on the impending debt crisis, especially for developing countries. As for the Ukraine crisis, in the face of both Russia and the US remaining entrenched in escalating rather than mitigating or terminating violence, the onus lies now with middle powers," Swaran Singh, professor of international relations at Jawaharlal Nehru University (New Delhi) and currently visiting professor at the University of British Columbia (Vancouver), told the Global Times on Thursday. Singh also noted that a worse-case scenario of no consensus statement from the FMM will only further damage the G20 group's potential to remain the world's most powerful and most representative forum for global governance, which will also further undermine multilateralism, bringing dangerous global implications.

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BBC हिंदी के इक़बाल अहमद की रिपोर्ट में: 22 फ़रवरी 2023: BBC हिन्दी से बातचीत में प्रोफ़ेसर स्वर्ण सिंह कहते हैं कि भारत के रवैये के कारण चीन की रणनीति में बदलाव आया है. पहले चीन सीमा पर दो क़दम आगे, एक क़दम पीछे की रणनीति अपनाता था लेकिन अब उससे हटकर उसने सीमा पर भारी संख्या में सैनिकों की तैनाती कर दी है. चीन के जवाब में भारत ने भी बहुत बड़ी संख्या में अपने सैनिकों को तैनात किया हुआ है. प्रोफ़ेसर स्वर्ण सिंह कहते हैं कि सीमा पर तनाव बना हुआ है, लेकिन स्थिरता भी बरक़रार है. वो कहते हैं, "चीन और भारत उभरती हुई शक्तियां हैं. इसलिए दोनों देश चाहेंगे कि इस तरह के किसी तनाव से दोनों की तरक़्क़ी में कोई चोट ना पहुंचे. दोनों ही देश तनाव को एक सीमा से आगे बढ़ा कर एक-दूसरे का नुक़सान नहीं करना चाहेंगे."

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Curil Ip of South China Morning Post quoted me : 30 Jan 2023: Quoted in South China Morning Post: Swaran Singh, an Int Relations expert & visiting professor at Univ of British Columbia, said China’s statements should not be overanalysed. “The US over the yrs downsizing its presence & engagement with Middle East has seen China becoming an important player in the region… increasing its eco links & investments in region, as showcased by China-Arab nations summits,” Singh said. But China must “tread carefully”, given the enduring nature of Israel-Palestine conflict & deep rooted links between US and Israel, as Beijing’s position could add to China-US tensions, he said.

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Aparajit Chakroborty quoted me in his report : “This articulation of a positive outlook toward India by China’s new foreign minister is reassuring, said Professor Swaran Singh, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University or JNU, New Delhi. It also underlines the high priority that he wishes to attach to India-China relations.”

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Di Beatrice Offidani interviewed me for Haffington Post

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BBC हिंदी के चंदन कुमार जजबाढ़े के रिपोर्ट में: "यह भारत की पुरानी नीति रही है. पंचशील के सिद्धांतों में इसका ज़िक्र है कि भारत और चीन एक-दूसरे के आंतरिक मामलों में दख़ल नहीं देंगे. इसलिए भारत 'वन चाइना पॉलिसी' को भी मानता है. ऐसे में भारत अपनी पुरानी नीति को बदलकर चीन के साथ अपने संबंधों को और ख़राब नहीं करना चाहता."

Swaran Singh

Aparajit Chakraborty report in China Daily quote me on China-India foreign ministers missing to meet at UN: indicates the “inability to find a common ground on their complex equations”. From Indian point of view this perhaps reflects the sentiment expressed in India’s new formulation that normalcy in bilateral relations depends on normalcy on the border, the professor added. See less

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Maria Siow’s report quotes me saying India’s deliberate ambiguity, reluctance to reiterate the one-China principle and “delayed and rather muted response” to Pelosi’s trip at least partly stems from heightened tensions in recent years at their disputed border, said Swaran Singh, a visiting political-science professor at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver. India does not follow in lockstep with any other major power, said Singh from the University of British Columbia, and is instead “becoming increasingly assertive in pursuing its own national interests that demand smart balancing”. China-India relations: as Beijing asks for one-China reassurance, New Delhi demurs. Why? | South China Morning Post

Interviewed by Mayank Singh

स्वर्ण सिंह

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Xu WeiWei of China Daily quoted me saying "The unique selling point" of the IPEF which remains unsaid is to redress their so-called China challenge by invigorating US leadership of the Asia-Pacific economy, said Swaran Singh, a professor of diplomacy and disarmament at Jawaharlal Nehru University in India. He said the IPEF is not aimed at reducing tariffs or broadening market access, and yet has no dispute settlement mechanisms, which are considered essential for most economic arrangements, such as the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership.

Quoted in China daily saying the Bretton Woods institutions – especially the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank that were set up to promote global economic cooperation after World War II – have a great deal to learn from the BRICS’ structures and processes.

स्वर्ण सिंह

स्वर्ण सिंह (मेरी साक्षात्कार पर आधारित लेख)

Xu Weiwei quote me saying “…the growing roles of institutions such as the New Development Bank and the China-led Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. Moreover, he said, BRICS members are beginning to discuss expanding the bloc, which would further accelerate its development.”

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स्वर्ण सिंह

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Xu Weiwei report quoted me saying that apart from security fears, India has been concerned about China being the largest source for India's imports. He suggested that enhancing mutual trust between the two countries could help address the issue. He also believes that the apps ban is aimed at redressing India's security concerns, and that it can "create new opportunities for local startups' efforts to create more locally grounded alternatives"

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

BBC सरोज सिंह की रिपोर्ट में: हालांकि जेएनयू में स्कूल ऑफ इंटरनेशनल स्टडी के प्रोफेसर स्वर्ण सिंह की राय चीन और पाकिस्तान की नई सरकार के बीच की केमेस्ट्री को लेकर थोड़ी अलग है. उनके मुताबिक़, "चीन और पाकिस्तान हमेशा से एक दूसरे के पक्के दोस्त रहे हैं. सीपेक परियोजना, जो बीआरआई परियोजना का ही हिस्सा है, उसमें इमरान सरकार के आने के बाद कुछ एक बदलाव की माँग ज़रूर की थी. जिसमें सबसे अहम था, बिजली की प्रति यूनिट लागत थी. लेकिन चीन के साथ कोई टकराव वाली स्थिति नहीं आई थी. वैसे भी इस तरह की परियोजनाओं में ऐसी चर्चा हर नई सरकार करती है." शहबाज़ शरीफ़ के आने से इस परियोजना में बहुत बड़ी तेज़ी जाएगी, प्रो. स्वर्ण सिंह ऐसा नहीं मानते. उनका मानना है कि शहबाज़ शरीफ़ कितने दिन तक प्रधानमंत्री रह पाएंगे, इसको लेकर कई तरह के कयास पाकिस्तान में लगाए जा रहे हैं. "फिलहाल शहबाज़ शरीफ़ का ध्यान पाकिस्तान की अंदरूनी राजनीति की तरफ़ ज़्यादा रहेगा, जहाँ तोड़-फोड़ और जोड़-तोड़ की राजनीति चल रही है. शहबाज़ शरीफ़ का ज़्यादतर वक़्त सरकार बनाने के लिए साथ आई पार्टियों को एकजुट रखने में ख़र्च होगा. इस वजह से नहीं लगता कि सीपेक को लेकर कोई बहुत बड़ा क़दम उठाने की स्थिति में शहबाज़ फिलहाल होंगे. लेकिन इतना ज़रूर है कि लोकतांत्रिक तरीके से वो चुन कर आए हैं, ये चीन के लिए ये अच्छी ख़बर है."

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स्वर्ण सिंह

Swaran Singh

Interviewed by Anish Kumar of AsiaNetNews.com saying: India neutrality has increasing costs in case the military confrontation does not come to a close at the earliest. "With the United States, there has recently been an issue of India's purchase of S-400 from Russia invoking CAATSA sanctions. So far, the US has kept this under wrap and India has not made hype too much about importing the S-400. But given the likely displeasure of the US, CAATSA sanction could also be slapped on India.”

Report by Anish Kumar quotes me saying: 28 Feb 2022: quoted by AsiaNet News saying: "India has traditionally maintained neutrality in such military contestation of great powers. However, given the country's emerging stature as the world's largest democracy, sixth-largest economy and now the eight-time non-permanent member of UNSC, India has been under increasing pressure from all sides, including the US, Russia and Ukraine to support their version of the crisis.” “This has come to paint a picture of these four countries -- Russia, India, China and UAE -- as if standing on the other side of this increasingly visible global divide. Whereas China has openly begun to support Moscow and Russia clearly was the only country that vetoed the resolution. Despite efforts to ensure neutrality India's decision to abstain has come to be interpreted as India standing with China and Russia.”

Swaran Singh (being quoted in media report)

Swaran Singh

Quote by Anish Kumar in his report on Ukraine crisis saying: “First of all, it is dangerous to hazard a guess that Putin has launched a full-scale war on Ukraine. He author

Quoted in Anish Kumar’s report arguing that if last two decades are any example to go by then gradual expansion of Russian 'peacekeeping ops' in Ukraine could, in worst case, not just take whole of Donbas region but even much of eastern Ukraine till Dnipro river that divides Ukraine north-to-south making Kyiv (located on this river) as Berlin of 1961

वात्सल्य राय के साथ साक्षात्कार

Quote in Mayak Agarwal’s report saying: “The stand taken by India to seek peace without clearly taking a clear side of either Russia or the US could result in some costs, but I think it is something that the Indian establishment has decided to take in stride,” he said. Professor Singh acknowledged that as far as Indians in Ukraine and their safety is concerned, “India’s ground assessment seems to be that the crisis will blow over soon with some tensions remaining at the Ukraine-Russia border … but largely due to its relations with both Russia and Ukraine Indian interests and citizens won’t be harmed.”

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Shweta Sharma quoted me saying: Returning to the quieter, more peaceful past along the Himalayan border may not actually be possible now that so much building has gone on in the vicinity of it, says Delhi-based foreign policy expert Swaran Singh, meaning more drawn-out forward deployments and face-offs between patrols will be inevitable.

Swaran Singh (Speaker)

Swaran Singh

Maria Siow’s report quoted me sayingChina’s summit (with Central Asian Republics yesterday), meanwhile, might have been motivated at least in part by a leadership change in Kazakhstan, said Swaran Singh, professor of international studies at the Jawaharlal Nehru University of Delhi.“ Kazakhstan, China’s biggest partner in the region, has seen the end of an era from a pro-Beijing President [Nursultan] Nazarbayev to Tokayev who is seen as closer to Moscow,” Singh said. Nazarbayev stepped down in 2019 after nearly three decades as president, but had remained head of the country’s security council until last month when the title was stripped from him after fuel price rises triggered unrest in the country’s capital Almaty. Beijing’s summit, Singh said, was it trying to put its “stamp of credibility” on things. Singh, from the Jawaharlal Nehru University, said that while Central Asian nations often felt caught between China and Russia, they were keen to turn to India as an economic and political alternative. “From past partnerships, they are aware of India’s potential in varying fields from education to pharmaceuticals, hydrocarbons, tourism, information, cyber and space technologies,” Singh said.

Swaran Singh (co-author)

Swaran Singh

दीप्ति मिश्रा की रिपोर्ट में : स्वर्ण सिंह बताते हैं कि ताइवान की राष्ट्रपति अमेरिका के दम पर चीन को चुनौती देती हैं। ताइवान के पास अभी अमेरिका का सपोर्ट है। अमेरिका की विदेश नीति के लिए ताइवान सिर्फ एक कार्ड है, जिसका इस्तेमाल वह चीन पर अंकुश लगाने के लिए करता है। पिछले 4-5 साल से अमेरिका और चीन के बीच ट्रेड और टेक को लेकर तनातनी जारी है, जिसकी वजह से वह ताइवान का समर्थन कर रहा है। प्रोफेसर सिंह कहते हैं कि चीन के साथ अमेरिका के रिश्ते कैसे भी हों, लेकिन अगर ड्रैगन ने हमला किया तो अमेरिका ताइवान के साथ लड़ने नहीं आएगा। वह सिर्फ अपने हथियार बेचेगा।

अनंत प्रकाश की रिपोर्ट में

Swaran Singh et al. (co-edited)

BBC हिंदी के पवन सिंह अतुल के साथ मेरे साक्षात्कार पर आधारित "तालिबान और पाकिस्तान में बिगड़ते तालमेल" पर एक रिपोर्ट में: प्रोफ़ेसर स्वर्ण सिंह दिल्ली के जवाहरलाल नेहरू (जेएनयू) विश्वविद्यालय से जुड़े हैं. बीबीसी हिंदी ने उनसे पूछा कि क्या अब तालिबान और पाकिस्तान के संबंध बदलेंगे, "बदलाव आना स्वभाविक भी है. एक आतंकवादी गुट होने और एक सरकार होने की ज़िम्मेदारियों और उद्देश्यों में फ़र्क़ होता है. पहले तालिबान की पाकिस्तान पर निर्भरता इसलिए थी कि वो काबुल से जूझ रहे थे. एक आतंकवादी गुट जब सरकार बन जाता है तो उसे अंतरराष्ट्रीय मान्यता की ज़रूरत पड़ती है. तालिबान का सर्वप्रिय दोस्त पाकिस्तान भी उन्हें मान्यता नहीं दे पा रहा है."

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Swaran Singh (co-author)

BBC हिंदी न्यूज़ की सरोज सिंह की रिपोर्ट में : जवाहरलाल नेहरू विश्वविद्यालय में स्कूल ऑफ़ इंटरनेशनल स्टडी के प्रोफ़ेसर स्वर्ण सिंह कहते हैं, "चीन का पाकिस्तान के साथ सीमा को लेकर 1963 में समझौता हुआ था. वो समझौता 'अस्थायी' था. लेकिन चीन और पाकिस्तान के बीच दोस्ती है जो किसी से छुपी नहीं है. इसलिए आज के संदर्भ में चीन का सीमा विवाद केवल भारत और भूटान से है. भूटान से भी बातचीत के जरिए इसे हल करने की कोशिशें जारी है. ऐसे में भारत की मुश्किलें नए क़ानून से सबसे ज़्यादा बढ़ सकती हैं." वो कहते हैं, "चीन के नए क़ानून में समुद्री सीमाओं की बात नहीं की गई है. ये क़ानून केवल भूमि सीमा पर लागू है. इसके साथ ही क़ानून में दो शब्दों पर ज़ोर है. पहला 'प्रोटेक्शन' यानी सीमा की सुरक्षा और दूसरा है 'एक्सप्लॉयटेशन'. यहाँ इस शब्द का मतलब 'विकास' से है." प्रोफ़ेसर स्वर्ण सिंह नए क़ानून में 'सीमावर्ती इलाकों' के इस्तेमाल को भी अहम मानते हैं. वो कहते हैं, "भारत के परिपेक्ष्य में इसका मतलब हुआ कि चीन ने रक्षा के प्रबंधन को सीमा ही नहीं बल्कि सीमा के आस-पास के क्षेत्र के आर्थिक और सामाजिक विकास के साथ अब जोड़ दिया है." "आसान भाषा में समझे तो अब चीन बॉर्डर के पास नए शहर बसाएगा, उनको रेल, रोड, बिजली जैसी सुविधाओं से जोड़ेगा. सीमा क्षेत्र में विकास लाकर चीन अपनी सुरक्षा और संप्रभुता को और प्रबल करना चाहता है.

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Swaran Singh (co-author)

BBC हिंदी न्यूज़ की सरोज सिंह की रिपोर्ट में: 14 Sept 2021: जवाहरलाल नेहरू विश्वविद्यालय में स्कूल ऑफ़ इंटरनेशनल स्टडी के प्रोफ़ेसर स्वर्ण सिंह कहते हैं, "चीन के सामने सबसे बड़ी चुनौती भी है और मौक़ा भी है कि वो तालिबान को राज़ी कर लें कि अपनी ज़मीन का इस्तेमाल चीन विरोधी आतंकवादी गतिविधियों के लिए नहीं होने देगा. तालिबान ने चीन, रूस, भारत सबसे इस बारे में वादा तो किया है. लेकिन अपने वादे पर तालिबान कितना क़ायम रहता है, यही देखना होगा."

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh (co-author)

BBC हिंदी न्यूज़ की सरोज सिंह की रिपोर्ट में : जवाहरलाल नेहरू विश्वविद्यालय में स्कूल ऑफ़ इंटरनेशनल स्टडी के प्रोफ़ेसर स्वर्ण सिंह कहते हैं, "चीन हमेशा से अफ़ग़ान सरकार और तालिबान दोनों के साथ संपर्क में रहा है. 1996 में जब तालिबान, अफ़ग़ानिस्तान पर काबिज़ था, उस वक़्त दोनों के बीच औपचारिक रिश्ता न होते हुए भी चीन तालिबान के साथ संपर्क में था. इसकी एक वजह है चीन के शिनजियांग प्रांत में वीगर इस्लामिक आतंकवाद का डर. अफ़ग़ान सरकार के साथ चीनी सरकार की औपचारिक बैठकें भी होती हैं. एससीओ की बैठक इसका उदाहरण है. ऐसे में अगर चीन मध्यस्थ की भूमिका में ख़ुद को देख रहा है तो कोई बड़ी बात नहीं है." वो आगे कहते हैं, "इस भूमिका में पाकिस्तान को साथ रखना चीन के लिए फ़ायदेमंद है. ऐसा इसलिए क्योंकि पाकिस्तान का दोनों तरफ़ के लिए रुझान रखता है. अमेरिका के साथ मिल कर एक तरफ़ वो तालिबान से लड़ भी रहा है और दूसरी तरफ़ तालिबान की आर्थिक मदद भी कर रहा है. चीन जिस स्तर पर मध्यस्थता की कोशिश करेगा, उसमें पाकिस्तान का तालिबान के साथ दोस्ताना संबंध उसके लिए मददगार होंगे." "मध्यस्थ के रूप में एक और काम है जो सिर्फ़ चीन कर सकता है और दूसरे देश नहीं कर सकते - वो है आर्थिक मदद. चीन अपनी बेल्ट एंड रोड इनिशिएटिव (बीआरआई) के तहत अफ़ग़ानिस्तान को अच्छा ऑफ़र दे सकता है."

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh (co-author)

The Print Team quoted me : “India, China must find alternate equilibria in their hugely transformed equation”: “Remembering Galwan incidents teaches us how our conventional mechanisms and mannerisms of resolving border standoffs have become ineffective and outdated. After dozen-plus long-drawn interactions between India and China at the level of military core commanders and senior ministers, we have not yet achieved even full military disengagement on the LAC to our satisfaction. We achieved disengagement only on the Pangong Lake area where India had managed to clinch critical strategic advantage on the South bank of the Pangong Tso whereas other points of confrontation still remain militarised with heavy deployment from both sides. “History teaches us that such episodes were resolved only by structural changes plus bold initiatives by strong and ambitious leaders. This time again untying these knots would require direct intervention from the very top. The upcoming BRICS Summit in September could be that important occasion to find a breakthrough in disengagement followed by early demobilisation at the LAC to return to the peace and tranquillity template of their border management. But learning from Doklam and Galwan, both sides must explore building a new set of confidence-building measures to find alternate equilibria in their hugely transformed India-China equation.” — Swaran Singh, Professor and Chair, Centre for International Politics, Organization and Disarmament, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University

Khin Maung Soe quoted me : With healthcare emerging as the focal point for many years to come, and as home for 36 percent of humanity of this planet, China and India working together remains a prerequisite for building a shared future of humankind. Dr. Swaran Singh , the author is professor and chairman at Centre for International Politics, Organisation and Disarmament, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.

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China’s stand in the recent India-Pakistan tensions reinforces incremental pro-India tilt in Beijing

Swaran Singh et al. (co-edited)

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स्वर्ण सिंह (Swaran Singh)

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Swaran Singh: Over the last year, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s China policy has revealed the continuation of India’s asymmetric strategies—seeking to build multiple alignments while remaining grounded in strategic autonomy. India has no qualms about acting as China’s junior partner—and accepting China’s help in reviving its manufacturing sector—in order to ensure its unhindered rise. India also intends to gradually participate in China’s Silk Road network by linking with it India’s Spice Route and Project Mausam. But even as it seeks this dialogue and partnership with China, India continues to build a stronger partnership with the United States. Swaran Singh discussed the perils of walking this tightrope, and Carnegie’s Frederic Grare moderated.

Swaran Singh et al. (co-authored)

Swaran Singh

Swara Singh (as tv Anchor)

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Sigh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

斯瓦兰·辛格, (Swaran Singh)

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh and Zhang Guihong

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh (co-author/editor)

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

स्वर्ण सिंह (Swaran Singh)

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singhj

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh et al. (co-edited)

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

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Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

斯瓦兰·辛格 印度外交部长克里希纳今天开始了他为期三天的北京之行。

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

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स्वर्ण सिंह (Swaran Singh)

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh et.al (co-author)

Swaran Singh (edited)

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

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Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh (as Guest Editor)

Swaran Singh

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Swaran Singh (as Guest Edior)

Swaran Singh

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Swaran Singh

Current Affairs Program

Swaran Singh

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Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

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Swaran Singh

Lokesh Kumar (Reporter)

Sisir Gupta (Reporter)

Sunil Nirula (Reporter)

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

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Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

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Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Current Affairs Programme

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

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Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh & Jasjit Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

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Swaran Singh

Swaran Singn

Swaran Singh

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Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

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Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh (co-author)

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

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Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh & Jasjit Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh

to Mr. Masashi Okuyama, Chief Correspondent,

Swaran Singh

Swaran Singh